Buyers typically pay 2%-4% of the purchase price in closing costs. On a $600,000 home, that’s $12,000-$24,000. Main line items: lender origination fee ($1,000-$3,000), appraisal ($500-$700 paid upfront), title insurance (~0.5% of purchase price for owner’s policy), escrow/settlement fee ($800-$1,500), recording fees ($50-$200), prepaid property taxes, and first year homeowner’s insurance.
Your lender must give you a Loan Estimate within 3 business days of application — compare this across lenders, fees vary significantly. In the current market, per CAR, seller concessions toward buyer closing costs are much more common than in 2021-2022. Your agent can negotiate these into the offer.