Minimum scores by loan type: FHA = 580 for 3.5% down (500-579 requires 10% down); conventional = 620-640 depending on lender; VA = no official minimum but most lenders want 580+; CHFA programs = 620; MetroDPA = 640-660 depending on loan type.
Score matters beyond just qualifying — it directly affects your rate. On a $500,000 loan at current rates, the difference between a 680 and 760 credit score is roughly 0.5-0.75% in interest rate, which translates to $150-$225/month and $54,000-$81,000 over the life of the loan. If your score is below 680, spending 3-6 months paying down revolving balances before applying can save you more than any other single step.